Original
How Democratic Backsliding Shapes the Entry, Non‐Entry, and Waiting of Potential Civil Servants
Abstract
ABSTRACT Democratic backsliding is coupled with politicians' undermining of the civil service's professionalism and commitment to liberal democratic values. Existing research has examined civil servants' responses. Nonetheless, politicians' attacks on democracy and the bureaucracy also affect potential recruits' career choices. Based on existing research and in‐depth interviews in Israel, we extend Hirschman's model to develop an abductive mirror‐image typology of the narratives deployed by potential recruits and civil servants to explain their career choices amid democratic backsliding. We find that, unlike civil servants who often choose to stay and fight, those outside the civil service either forgo entering it or wait for a trustworthy government. Additionally, we find tentative associations between the variation in interviewees' narrations of their career choices and their beliefs about the scope of bureaucratic politicization, the role of civil servants vis‐à‐vis politicians, and their attachment to the nation.
中文
民主倒退如何形塑潜在公务员的进入、不进入与等待
摘要
民主倒退与政客削弱公务员队伍的专业性及其对自由民主价值的承诺相伴而生。既有研究考察了公务员的回应。然而，政客对民主与官僚体系的攻击也会影响潜在招募对象的职业选择。基于既有研究及在以色列开展的深度访谈，我们拓展了赫希曼（Hirschman）的模型，构建了一种溯因性的镜像类型学，用以概括潜在招募对象与公务员在民主倒退背景下解释其职业选择时所采用的叙事。我们发现，与往往选择留下来抗争的公务员不同，公务员体系之外的人要么放弃进入该体系，要么等待一个值得信赖的政府。此外，我们还发现，受访者对其职业选择叙事的差异与其关于官僚政治化程度、公务员相对于政客的角色以及自身对国家依附的信念之间存在初步关联。
关键词
民主倒退、公务员、职业选择、官僚政治化、潜在招募对象、以色列、赫希曼模型、叙事类型学