Original
Poverty in Urban China 2012–2020: Applying an Income-Asset Joint Framework
Abstract
Despite China’s remarkable poverty reduction, policy debates and empirical research have focused largely on rural areas, leaving urban poverty comparatively understudied. Using five waves of the China Family Panel Studies (2012–2020), this study applies an income-asset joint poverty framework to examine trends, correlates, and public subsidy coverage across protected poverty (income poor only), vulnerable poverty (asset poor only), and twice poverty (both income and asset poor). Absolute protected and twice poverty declined markedly, whereas absolute vulnerable poverty and all three forms of relative poverty remained substantial. The vulnerable poor were less likely than the protected or twice poor to receive public subsidies. These findings call for differentiated, inclusive interventions across poverty categories, especially for the vulnerable poor underserved by current support systems.
中文
2012—2020年中国城市贫困：收入—资产联合框架的应用
摘要
尽管中国的减贫成就举世瞩目，但政策辩论与实证研究主要聚焦于农村地区，城市贫困则相对而言研究不足。本研究利用五轮中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS，2012—2020年），采用收入—资产联合贫困框架，考察受保护贫困（仅收入贫困）、脆弱贫困（仅资产贫困）和双重贫困（收入与资产均贫困）的趋势、相关因素及公共补贴覆盖情况。绝对受保护贫困和绝对双重贫困显著下降，而绝对脆弱贫困以及所有三种形式的相对贫困仍较为普遍。脆弱贫困人口获得公共补贴的可能性低于受保护贫困人口或双重贫困人口。这些发现呼吁针对不同贫困类别采取有差别、包容性的干预措施，尤其要关注当前支持体系覆盖不足的脆弱贫困人口。
关键词
城市贫困、收入—资产联合贫困、中国家庭追踪调查、公共补贴、脆弱贫困、相对贫困、社会政策