Original
How the Chinese Public Perceives South-East Asia: Affinity, Annoyance and Apprehension
Abstract
Abstract This article explores how the Chinese public perceives South-East Asia. Using original survey data collected in China, it suggests three perceptual frames. The “affinity” frame, which is rooted in historical Chinese migration and diaspora ties, generates feelings of kinship and cultural connection. Conversely, the “annoyance” frame stems from contemporary geopolitical tensions, particularly South China Sea disputes, where several South-East Asian countries are viewed as provocateurs challenging China’s regional authority. The “apprehension” frame characterizes the region as exotic yet dangerous, a perception reinforced by recent cyber scams and criminal activities targeting Chinese citizens, creating stereotypes of South-East Asia as lawless and unsafe. The article analyses the survey data for the statistical distribution of these frames and discusses their political implications. By exploring how historical ties, geopolitical tensions and security concerns simultaneously shape Chinese public opinion, the article illuminates the complex perceptual landscape that may influence China’s diplomatic and economic relations with South-East Asia.
中文
中国公众如何感知东南亚：亲近、厌烦与忧虑
摘要
本文探讨中国公众如何感知东南亚。基于在中国收集的原创调查数据，本文提出三种认知框架。“亲近”框架植根于历史上的中国移民与离散纽带，产生亲缘感与文化联结。相反，“厌烦”框架源于当代地缘政治紧张，尤其是南海争端，其中若干东南亚国家被视为挑战中国地区权威的挑衅者。“忧虑”框架将该地区描绘为既异域又危险；近期针对中国公民的网络诈骗和犯罪活动强化了这一认知，并形成东南亚无法无天、不安全的刻板印象。本文分析调查数据以考察这些框架的统计分布，并讨论其政治意涵。通过探究历史纽带、地缘政治紧张与安全关切如何同时塑造中国公众舆论，本文揭示了可能影响中国与东南亚外交和经济关系的复杂认知图景。
关键词
中国公众舆论、东南亚认知、亲近、厌烦、忧虑、南海争端、网络诈骗、中国外交