Original
Politics transformed? Electoral competition under ranked choice voting
Abstract
Abstract We compare multicandidate elections under plurality rule versus ranked choice voting (RCV). We examine a widely held presumption that RCV more effectively incentivizes candidates to pursue broad campaigns that can appeal to all voters, rather than targeting a narrow segment of the electorate. That presumption is correct when preference transfers are competitive, that is, when multiple candidates have a reasonable chance of securing voters' second‐choice support. However, when transfers are uncompetitive due to partisan, ethnic, or cultural alignments, that presumption is reversed: RCV can strengthen candidates' incentives to pursue targeted campaigns.
中文
政治被改变了吗？排序复选投票制下的选举竞争
摘要
我们比较多数决规则与排序复选投票制（RCV）下的多候选人选举。我们考察一种广泛持有的假设：RCV 能更有效地激励候选人开展能够吸引所有选民的广泛竞选，而非只针对狭隘的选民群体。当偏好转移具有竞争性时，即当多位候选人有合理机会获得选民的次优选择支持时，这一假设是成立的。然而，当由于党派、族群或文化阵营而导致偏好转移缺乏竞争性时，这一假设会发生反转：RCV 可能反而强化候选人开展针对性竞选活动的激励。
关键词
排序复选投票制、选举竞争、偏好转移、候选人激励、竞选策略、多数决、多候选人选举